Flat-to-Round heat exchangers are utilized in the railway industry to address unique spatial and performance challenges in thermal management systems. These specialized heat exchangers are designed to transition airflow smoothly between flat and round ducting, optimizing airflow distribution while minimizing pressure drops. This makes them particularly effective in applications such as HVAC systems, traction motor cooling, and power electronics where consistent and efficient air movement is essential. Their robust design ensures durability under the mechanical stresses and environmental conditions typical in rail operations. By enhancing cooling efficiency and airflow control, Flat-to-Round heat exchangers contribute to improved reliability, passenger comfort, and operational efficiency in modern railway vehicles.